SCOPE AND FIELD OF EFFECTIVENESS: A THEORETICAL-METHODOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

The article presents a theoretical and methodological study of economic efficiency as a characteristic of the relationship between the results of economic activity and resource costs. The study substantiates the need to consider efficiency not only as an actually achieved indicator but also as a dynamic characteristic of the capabilities of an economic system. The relationship between the main components of efficiency (effect, costs, and their rati ) is clarified. The concept of the "efficiency range" is proposed as the boundaries within which a system can operate effectively, determined by the variability of effects and costs and dependent on resource provision, organization and management, the external environment, innovation potential, and human potential. The essence of the "efficiency field" is defined as a set of system capabilities to generate economic and social effects per unit of cost under the influence of strategic, organizational, institutional, and resource factors. The distinction between the efficiency range and the efficiency field is established: the efficiency range characterizes the boundaries of possible efficiency values, whereas the efficiency field reflects the space of opportunities for their formation and transformation. The role of strategic management in expanding the efficiency field is substantiated through the formulation of strategic priorities, optimization of the cost structure, development of human potential, technological and innovative renewal, adaptation to changes in the external environment, and the formation of synergistic effects. It is demonstrated that the convergence of resources, types of activity, and markets can generate complementary and multiplicative effects, thereby expanding the possibilities for using the existing resource potential. The proposed approach provides a methodological basis for moving from the assessment of the actual level of efficiency to the study of the boundaries of its possible values and the strategic opportunities for expanding them.