FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISM IN CRISIS CONDITIONS

Abstract

The global tourism market continues to recover, and tourism is once again becoming a significant part of the national economies of many countries. The current market situation in tourism and the hospitality industry at the global level is characterized by the presence of a number of crisis phenomena and complex socio-economic and political challenges. The trends of market transformation and consumer behavior that have developed under the influence of the pandemic, as well as the experience of tourism industry enterprises in conditions of significant market turbulence, will contribute to a fairly quick adaptation of tourism to the conditions of the new political and economic reality with the systematic support of the industry. Due to the growth of the world economy and the improvement of human well-being, the demand for tourism services and products is growing rapidly. Assessing the latest travel data and industry indicators is a useful way to directly monitor key travel demand trends in Europe and the world. Effective development of international tourism brings a large annual income to the country. Foreign visitors pay money for goods and services received in the country of rest, supply currency to the state budget and in this way intensify the country's balance of payments. The last three years have been very difficult for the global tourism industry. In many countries, the income from tourism activities made a significant contribution to the gross domestic product, so it is necessary to rethink both the potential directions of tourist flows and the new requirements of travelers. The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic caused restrictions on the movement of people, a decrease in the solvency of a significant part of potential travelers, and changes in the choice of tour goals. It is noted that many factors of an economic, political, social, natural and technical nature affect tourist activity, including: guaranteeing the safety of tourists, man-made disasters; uneven distribution of tourist flows; political instability in some regions of the world; prolonged global recession. It is indicated that the states are proceeding to the development of measures for the activation of tourism, which include proposals for withdrawal travel restrictions, restoration of travelers' confidence and directions of future development of the tourism sector.